The 2 headed calf is one of natures most bizarre and rare occurrences. It sparks wonder in people of all ages. You may have heard of such creatures in museums or even at local fairs. These animals are known as polycephalic calves and are born with two heads due to a rare genetic condition. While it’s not common, when it does happen it raises a lot of questions about how and why.
In this article we’ll look at what causes a 2 headed calf to be born, how they survive and some famous two headed calves in history. We’ll also answer some of the questions people have about this oddity and why we’re so fascinated by it.
What is a 2 Headed Calf?
A two headed calf, or polycephalic calf, is a calf born with two heads on one body. This rare condition occurs when the embryo develops abnormally. Many people might think this is something out of a science fiction movie but it’s a real-life phenomenon that has fascinated scientists, veterinarians and the general public for centuries.
Two headed calves fall under a category called bicephaly which means “having two heads”. In these cases the heads are usually joined at the neck but can also share other parts of the body. The two heads can function independently to some degree, each with its own brain, eyes and mouth. But they usually share vital organs like the heart and lungs.
How does a Two-Headed Calf Happen?
You might be wondering, “How does this happen?” A two headed calf occurs from a genetic mutation or an issue during the development of the embryo. In the early stages of development the embryo begins to split but doesn’t fully separate. This partial split causes two heads to develop on one body.
This is rare, it happens more in reptiles and amphibians than in mammals. But when it does happen in cows it gets attention. Genetic mutations or environmental factors during pregnancy can cause the embryo to develop abnormally and this is the result.
Can a Two-Headed Calf Survive?
The survival of a 2 headed calf depends on many factors, the extent of the abnormality and if the heads share vital organs. Unfortunately most 2 headed calves don’t live long after birth. Most die within hours or days, mainly due to internal complications.
However there have been cases where 2 headed calves have lived for months or even years, but this is extremely rare. A well known case is a 2 headed calf born in 2006 that lived for over a year before dying from health complications. These are the exception not the rule.
Famous Two-Headed Calves in History
The Museum of the Weird in Austin, Texas has one of the most famous 2 headed calves on display. Born in 1936 this calf died shortly after birth but has been preserved and put on display for visitors.
Another famous example is the Ripley’s Believe It or Not! exhibits which have several 2 headed calves taxidermied for educational purposes.
Why are we so fascinated by Two-Headed Calves?
A 2 headed animal, especially one as common as a calf, is strange and fascinating. People are naturally curious about things that are out of the ordinary and a 2 headed calf fits that bill. Many wonder how it could function and if it means something deeper about life or genetics.
And 2 headed calves challenge our concept of nature. When we think of animals we think of them as one head, one body and all the organs in balance. When that balance is disrupted it piques our curiosity and even our imagination. It makes us think about the mysteries of biology and the wonders of the world.
2 Headed Calf FAQs
Is a 2 headed calf always born alive?
No, many times the calf is stillborn due to complications during birth. If born alive they don’t live very long.
Can both heads of a 2 headed calf eat?
In some cases both heads can function somewhat independently and might try to eat. But because of shared organs and complicated internal structures eating and digesting can be tough.
Is the two headed calf inbred?
Not always. While inbreeding can increase the chances of genetic abnormalities the 2 headed calf phenomenon is usually just a random mutation or developmental error.
Has anyone tried to save a 2 headed calf?
Yes, veterinarians have tried to save 2 headed calves when they are born. While you can keep them alive for a little while their internal systems are too complicated to survive.
Can two headed calves be found in other animals?
Yes, 2 headed animals can be found in many species, snakes, turtles and even humans. But it’s more common in reptiles than mammals.
Conclusion
A 2 headed calf is a rare event that still amazes people around the world. While they don’t live long they are a reminder of the complexity of nature and the weird and wonderful ways life can develop. From museum exhibits to farm sightings the 2 headed calf is a one of a kind in the world of biology and human curiosity.
If you ever get to see a 2 headed calf in person or learn about one in a museum you’ll be seeing one of natures rarest wonders. The story of these animals helps us appreciate life itself.
For more information on rare animal anomalies and the science behind them check out National Geographic or LiveScience which go into the details of genetic mutations and weirdness in the animal kingdom.
I hope this post was helpful and fun.